团队
外贸提单审核要点汇总
<div><article><div style="white-space-collapse: preserve; line-height: 1.75;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="#000000" size="5">外贸提单审核要点汇总</font></span></div><div style="white-space-collapse: preserve; line-height: 1.75;"><font color="#000000" size="5"><b>
</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">在国际贸易的繁复流程中，提单审核是一个关键环节，它不仅关系到货物的顺利运输，也是确保交易安全、避免不必要争议的重要步骤。一个精确无误的提单，是外贸交易顺利进行的保障。本文整理汇总了外贸提单审核的要点，帮助从业者避免常见的陷阱，确保每一笔交易都能顺利进行。</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font color="#000000" size="3">
</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">外贸提单审核是一个细致且复杂的过程，涉及到多个方面的检查和确认。以下是在审核外贸提单时需要特别注意的十七个要点：</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">1、</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">提单张数的确认：确保提单的张数与信用证条款相符，这是提单审核的基础。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">2、承运人信息的准确性：提单上必须清晰地标明承运人的全名及其身份，确保其合法性和责任的明确。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">3、签署人的身份：根据提单正面的表示，签署人的身份应当明确，无论是承运人还是代理人，都应清楚标注。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">4、装船批注的要求：根据提单上的描述，确认是否需要加上装船批注，这直接关系到货物的运输状态。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">5、实际与预期的一致性：提单印有“intended vessel”、“intended port of loading”、“intended port of discharge”及/或其他“intended…”等不肯定的描述字样者，则必须加注“装船批注”，其中须把实际装货的船名，装货港口，卸货港口等项目打明，即使和预期(intended)的船名和装卸港口并无变动，也需重复打出。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">6、转船信息的准确记录：单式海运即港对港(装货港到卸货港)运输方式下，只须在装货港(Port of Loading)，海轮 名 (Ocean vessel) ，及卸货港 (Port of Discharge) 三栏内正确填写 ; 如在中途转船(Transhipment)，转船港(Port of tcano hipment)的港名，不能打在卸货港(Port of discharge)栏内。需要时，只可在提单的货物栏空间打明“在××(转船港)转船”“with transhipment at××”。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">7、港口与地点的区分：“港口”(Port)和“地点”(place)是不同的概念。有些提单印有“收货地点”(place of receipt/taking in charge)和“交货地点/最后目的地”(place of delivery/final destination)等栏目，供提单用作“多式联运”(mulli-madal transport)或“联合运输”(combined transport)运输单据时用。单式海运时不能填注。否则会引起对运输方式究竟是单式海运抑或多式联运的误解。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">8、多式联运的特殊标注：提单上印有“前期运输由”(precarriage by)栏也为“多式联运”方式所专用，不能作为转船提单时打明第一程海轮名称的栏目。只有作多式联运运输单据时，方在该栏内注明“铁路”、“卡车”、“空运”或“江河”(Rail、truck、air、river)等运输方式。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">9、收货人信息的规范：提单的“收货人”栏(consigned to 或 consignee)须按信用证要求说明。例如，信用证规定提单作成“made out to order”，则打“order”一字;“made out to order of the applicant(申请开证人)”，则打“order of××××(applicant 全名)”;“made out to order of the inssuing bank”，则打“order of××××Bank(开证行全名)”。如信用证规定提单直接作成买主(即申请人)或开证行的抬头，则不可再加“order of”两字。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">10、避免不洁净批注：提单上不应出现任何表明货物或包装缺陷的不洁净批注。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">11、租船契约提单的限制：除非信用证允许，否则不应在提单上注明“subject to charter party”。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">12、转船的信用证规定：关于转船，《跟单信用证统一惯例》(UCP500)的第 23 条 b,c 两款是这样规定的：1、如信用证允许转船——指装货港和卸货港之间发生转船，同一份提单包括了整个航程;2、如信用证禁止转船，同一份提单包括整个航程，装货港和卸货港之间并不发生转船;3、如信用证禁止转船，货由集装箱、拖船、母子船载运，即使提单注明将有转船，也不作不符，但须由同一份提单包括整个航程。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">13、货物描述的一致性：提单上的货物描述应与商业发票及信用证中的描述保持一致。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">14、通知人的详细信息：提单上的通知人信息应符合信用证的规定，包括名称、地址等。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">15、运费批注的符合性：确保提单上关于运费的批注符合信用证规定。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">16、涂改与更正的处理：任何涂改或更正都必须由提单签发者签章确认。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">17、背书的要求：提单必须由受益人及装货人正确背书。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><img src="https://cowork-storage.nos-jd.163yun.com/snapshot%2F2024%2F06%2F20%2Fab752a7a4b8b4c4aa41698116717e086.png?Signature=ypkamACQ%2BsYOUp5CNwURcrmQLYsL25mCIELOJYYWeQU%3D&Expires=3866358572&NOSAccessKeyId=0cd796d04a3a45dba2ef94a2f2a0c218&download=temp.png" style="max-width:100%;" contenteditable="false"></div></div></div></article></div>
</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">在国际贸易的繁复流程中，提单审核是一个关键环节，它不仅关系到货物的顺利运输，也是确保交易安全、避免不必要争议的重要步骤。一个精确无误的提单，是外贸交易顺利进行的保障。本文整理汇总了外贸提单审核的要点，帮助从业者避免常见的陷阱，确保每一笔交易都能顺利进行。</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font color="#000000" size="3">
</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">外贸提单审核是一个细致且复杂的过程，涉及到多个方面的检查和确认。以下是在审核外贸提单时需要特别注意的十七个要点：</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">1、</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">提单张数的确认：确保提单的张数与信用证条款相符，这是提单审核的基础。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">2、承运人信息的准确性：提单上必须清晰地标明承运人的全名及其身份，确保其合法性和责任的明确。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">3、签署人的身份：根据提单正面的表示，签署人的身份应当明确，无论是承运人还是代理人，都应清楚标注。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">4、装船批注的要求：根据提单上的描述，确认是否需要加上装船批注，这直接关系到货物的运输状态。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">5、实际与预期的一致性：提单印有“intended vessel”、“intended port of loading”、“intended port of discharge”及/或其他“intended…”等不肯定的描述字样者，则必须加注“装船批注”，其中须把实际装货的船名，装货港口，卸货港口等项目打明，即使和预期(intended)的船名和装卸港口并无变动，也需重复打出。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">6、转船信息的准确记录：单式海运即港对港(装货港到卸货港)运输方式下，只须在装货港(Port of Loading)，海轮 名 (Ocean vessel) ，及卸货港 (Port of Discharge) 三栏内正确填写 ; 如在中途转船(Transhipment)，转船港(Port of tcano hipment)的港名，不能打在卸货港(Port of discharge)栏内。需要时，只可在提单的货物栏空间打明“在××(转船港)转船”“with transhipment at××”。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">7、港口与地点的区分：“港口”(Port)和“地点”(place)是不同的概念。有些提单印有“收货地点”(place of receipt/taking in charge)和“交货地点/最后目的地”(place of delivery/final destination)等栏目，供提单用作“多式联运”(mulli-madal transport)或“联合运输”(combined transport)运输单据时用。单式海运时不能填注。否则会引起对运输方式究竟是单式海运抑或多式联运的误解。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">8、多式联运的特殊标注：提单上印有“前期运输由”(precarriage by)栏也为“多式联运”方式所专用，不能作为转船提单时打明第一程海轮名称的栏目。只有作多式联运运输单据时，方在该栏内注明“铁路”、“卡车”、“空运”或“江河”(Rail、truck、air、river)等运输方式。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">9、收货人信息的规范：提单的“收货人”栏(consigned to 或 consignee)须按信用证要求说明。例如，信用证规定提单作成“made out to order”，则打“order”一字;“made out to order of the applicant(申请开证人)”，则打“order of××××(applicant 全名)”;“made out to order of the inssuing bank”，则打“order of××××Bank(开证行全名)”。如信用证规定提单直接作成买主(即申请人)或开证行的抬头，则不可再加“order of”两字。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">10、避免不洁净批注：提单上不应出现任何表明货物或包装缺陷的不洁净批注。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">11、租船契约提单的限制：除非信用证允许，否则不应在提单上注明“subject to charter party”。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">12、转船的信用证规定：关于转船，《跟单信用证统一惯例》(UCP500)的第 23 条 b,c 两款是这样规定的：1、如信用证允许转船——指装货港和卸货港之间发生转船，同一份提单包括了整个航程;2、如信用证禁止转船，同一份提单包括整个航程，装货港和卸货港之间并不发生转船;3、如信用证禁止转船，货由集装箱、拖船、母子船载运，即使提单注明将有转船，也不作不符，但须由同一份提单包括整个航程。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">13、货物描述的一致性：提单上的货物描述应与商业发票及信用证中的描述保持一致。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">14、通知人的详细信息：提单上的通知人信息应符合信用证的规定，包括名称、地址等。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">15、运费批注的符合性：确保提单上关于运费的批注符合信用证规定。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">16、涂改与更正的处理：任何涂改或更正都必须由提单签发者签章确认。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">17、背书的要求：提单必须由受益人及装货人正确背书。</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei;">
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